Current Objectives

CHAPTER 8:   CHEMICAL REACTIONS AND EQUATIONS

  1. List three observations that suggest that a chemical reaction has taken place.
  2. List three requirements for a correctly written chemical equation.
  3. Write a word equation and a formula equation for a given chemical reaction.
  4. Balance a formula equation by inspection.
  5. Define and give general equations for synthesis, decomposition, single-displacement, and double-displacement reactions.
  6. Classify a reaction as a synthesis, decomposition, single-displacement, double-displacement, or combustion reaction.
  7. Explain the significance of an activity series.
  8. Use an activity series to predict whether a given reaction will occur and what the products will be.

Chapter 7: CHEMICAL FORMULAS AND CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS

1. Explain the significance of a chemical formula

2. Determine the formula of an ionic compound given its name

3. Name an ionic compound given its formula

4. Name a binary molecular compound from its formula

5. Write the formula for a binary compound given its name

6. Calculate the formula mass or molar mass of any given compound

7. Convert among grams, moles and molecules

8. Calculate the percentage composition of a chemical compound

9. Define empirical formula as it relates to ionic and molecular compounds

10. Determine an empirical formula from a % composition or a mass composition

11. Determine a molecular formula from an empirical formula

CHAPTER 6: Chemical Bonding: January 3-12, 2012

1. Define chemical bond

2. Explain why most atoms form bonds

3. Compare ionic and covalent bonding

4. Classify bonding type according to electronegativity differences

5. Define molecule and molecular formula

6. Explain the relationships between potential energy, bond energy and bond length

7. Write electron dot natation

8. State the octet rule

9. Apply 6 steps used in writing Lewis structures

10. Explain resonance

11. Compare chemical formula for molecular compounds and ionic compounds

12. Discuss the arrangement of ions in crystals

13. Write ionic equations to show the transfer of electrons in ionic bonds

14. Explain VSEPR theory

15. Predict the shapes of molecules using VSEPR theory

16. Explain what determines molecular polarity

17. Describe the following molecular forces and their effects on physical properties: dipole-diploe, hydrogen bonding, induced dipoles, London dispersion forces.

 

CHAPTERS 4 AND 5

OBJECTIVES

  1.   Recognize discoveries from Dalton (atomic theory), Thomson (the electron), Rutherford (the nucleus), and Bohr (planetary model of atom), and understand how each discovery leads to modern theory.
  2. Describe Rutherford’s “gold foil” experiment that led to the discovery of the nuclear atom. Identify the major components (protons, neutrons, and electrons) of the nuclear atom and explain how they interact.
  3.  Write the electron configurations for the first twenty elements of the periodic table.
  4. Explain the relationship of an element’s position on the periodic table to its atomic number. Identify families (groups) and periods on the periodic table.
  5.  Use the periodic table to identify the three classes of elements: metals, nonmetals, and metalloids.
  6.  Relate the position of an element on the periodic table to its electron configuration and compare its reactivity to the reactivity of other elements in the table.
  7.  Identify trends on the periodic table (ionization energy, electronegativity, and relative sizes of atoms and ions).

 

CHAPTER 3

 OBJECTIVES

  1. Explain the law of conservation of mass, the law of definite proportion and the law of multiple proportions
  2. Summarize the 5 essential points of Dalton’s Atomic Theory (1808)
  3. Explain the discoveries of Thomson (the electron), Rutherford (the nucleus) and Bohr (planetary model of the atom)
  4. Describe how the Modern Atomic Theory developed from contributions from a variety of sources (see #2)
  5. List the properties of protons, neutrons and electrons
  6. Define atom
  7. Explain what isotopes are
  8. Define atomic number and mass number and describe how they apply to isotopes
  9. Relate the identity of a nuclide with the number and type of its subatomic particles
  10. Identify the three main types of radioactive decay: alpha, beta, and gamma and comper their properties
  11. Use nuclear equations to describe the process of radioactive decay.
  12. Explain and demonstrate the concept of half-life.
  13. Compare and contrast nuclear fission and nuclear fusion.
  14. Define mole, Avogadro’s number and molar mass and state the relationship among them
  15. Solve problems involving mass in grams, amount in moles, and number of atoms

CHAPTER 2

OBJECTIVES

  1. Describe the purpose of the scientific method
  2. List and order the steps of the scientific method
  3. Distinguish between qualitative and quantitative observations
  4. Define hypothesis, theory, model, and law
  5. Distinguish between quantity, unit, standard of measurement
  6. Name and Use the SI units of length, mass, volume and density
  7. Distinguish between mass and weight
  8. Make a statement of equality into a conversion facto
  9. Use proportions to convert units
  10. Distinguish between accuracy and precision
  11. Determine the number of significant figures in a measurement
  12. Perform mathematical calculations with the appropriate number of significant figures.
  13. Use scientific notation for measurement
  14. Distinguish between inversely and directly proportionate

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